Research


The following scholars (working in Canada) have developed research agendas on the history of human rights.

Click here for an up-to-date list of recent publications.

 

Graduate Students Non-Canadianists

Matt Baglole
Jonathan Nordland

David Black
Marc Epprecht
Pamela Jordon
Kathleen Rodgers
Gary Teeple

Canadianists

Eric Adams
Stephanie Bangarth
Michael Behiels
Linda Cardinal
Dominique Clément
George Egerton

Ruth Frager
Matthew Hayday

John Hobbins
Ross Lambertson
Laurel Macdowell Dominique Marshall

David McNab
Janet Miron
Carmela Patrias
Miriam Smith

James Walker


 

 

 

Graduate Students

Matt Baglole is currently working on his dissertation titled "To Remedy the Accidents of Birth": Rights Activism in Halifax, 1960-1982."  It is essentially an attempt to link the activism of three communities (Black, Women and Gay & Lesbian) to the content of Canadian human rights legislation and discourse.  The dissertation looks at social movement dynamics (mobilization; claims and resources; and tactics) and seeks to link them to the specific rights initiatives introduced between the Bill and Charter of Rights and Freedoms.  Its central contention is that rights are not universal but the products of specific historical struggles. 

Matt Baglole is a doctoral candidate at the University of New Brunswick.

 


 

Jonathan Nordland's proposed title for his MA Thesis is "Archiving Human Rights:  From History to Accountability."  Nordland contends that information rights interact much like basic rights insofar as they enable people to detect abuse and therefore rectify wrongs. In addition, information rights, as they relate to state bureaucracy, are positive rights, demanding a system of information collection that anticipates human rights abuses and records them as part of the normal functioning of the state bureaucracy. The functioning of the bureaucracy demands a positive commitment by the state and its functionaries. The need for an established bureaucracy limits the use of information rights to developed countries or at least those countries well articulated bureaucracies and a population with access to the records of those bureaucracies.

Jonathan Nordland is a Masters of Arts Candidate in the Archival Studies program at the University of Manitoba.


Canadianists

 

Eric Adams is interested in the history of Canadian constitutional law. He is working on a monograph entitled, The Idea of Constitutional Rights and the Transformation of Canadian Constitutional Law, which locates a critical strand of Canada's twentieth-century rights revolution in the constitutional thinking of legal scholars, lawyers, and judges. Drawing on archival documents, personal papers, government reports,
parliamentary debates, case law, and legal scholarship, this work traces the constitutional thought and culture that first propelled human rights and fundamental freedoms to the forefront of the Canadian legal
imagination.

Eric Adams is an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of Alberta.


 

Stephanie Bangarth's research interests include the issue of 'race' in North American history, law and politics, immigration and ethnicity and in the history of social movements in modern Canadian history.  In 2003 she completed her dissertation, titled, "The politics of human rights: Canadian and American advocacy groups and the 'defence' of the internment of North America's citizens of Japanese ancestry."  Some of Dr. Bangarth's recent publications include "Religious organizations and the 'relocation' of persons of Japanese ancestry in North America: evaluating advocacy."  American Review of Canadian Studies (forthcoming, Fall 2004) and "'We are not asking you to open wide the gates for Chinese immigration': the Committee for the Repeal of the Chinese Immigration Act and early human rights activism in Canada."  Canadian Historical Review (Vol. 84, 3, September 2003): 395-422.

Stephanie Bangarth is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at King's University College, University of Western Ontario. [www.uwo.ca/kings/academic_programs/departments/history/faculty/bangarth.html]


 

Michael Behiels received a SSHRC Standard Research Grant in 2004:  The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: origins, framing and adoption, 1960-82. 

Michael Behiels is a Professor of history at the University of Ottawa.


 

Linda Cardinal is interested in the political culture of rights in Canada.  Her interest in the study of human rights arises out of her work on the politics of language in Canada and Europe.  Some of the issues she is currently examining includes modernity and identity Québec, Ireland and United Kingdom; governance of minority languages, Canada-Europe; women and minorities; and citizenship debates.  

Linda Cardinal is a professor in the School of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa and the Chaire de recherche sur la francophonie et les politiques publiques.


 

Dominique Clément's primary focus is on the history of social and political change in Canada, and the ability of powerless and marginalized people to challenge state power and the hegemony of law. In particular, he is interested in the impact of rights discourse on social movements. In his recent book titled Canada’s Rights Revolution: Social Movements and Social Change, 1937-1982 (UBC Press, 2008), he explores the history of human rights and civil liberties associations in Canada and examines issues such as the impact of the baby boom generation on social movements, state funding, ideologies of rights and the failure to create a national rights association. His current project is a history of the women’s movement and the impact of the early anti-discrimination statutes on social movement mobilization. He is interested in contrasting the history of working class activism with postmaterialist movements and exploring how women and minorities have promoted social change outside the state.

Dominique Clément is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Alberta [www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca/sociology2/clement.cfm].


 

George Egerton's research interests include twentieth century international organizations (League of Nations); twentieth century British, American, and Canadian foreign policy; modern Canadian religious history; and, the history of piano technology.  He has published extensively on the intersection of religion, politics and jurisprudence in Canada since 1945 with a focus on human rights issues.  He has also taught a graduate course on human rights in Canada.  

George Egerton is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of British Columbia.  

 


 

Ruth Frager's teaching and research focuses on women's history, the history of immigrant groups, and working-class history, emphasizing modern Canada. Her new book, co-authored with Carmela Patrias, is entitled Discounted Labour: Women Workers in Canada, 1870-1939. Her earlier book, Sweatshop Strife: Class, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Jewish Labour Movement in Toronto, 1900-1939, won an award from the Ontario Historical Society. She is now working on the human rights campaigns in Ontario in the aftermath of the Second World War. Her most recent articles are: "Labour History and the Interlocking Hierarchies of Class, Ethnicity, and Gender: A Canadian Perspective," in the International Review of Social History and "'This is Our Country, These Are Our Rights': Minorities and the Origins of Ontario's Human Rights Campaigns," co-authored with Carmela Patrias, in the Canadian Historical Review.

Ruth Frager is a Professor in the Department of History at McMaster University. 


 

Matthew Hayday's research interests focus on the development of Canadian identity politics since the Second World War. A key aspect of his research focusses on the development of language rights in Canada, particularly the rights of official language minority communities. He is the author of Bilingual Today, United Tomorrow: Official Languages in Education and Canadian Federalism (McGill-Queen's, 2005), a number of scholarly articles on the role played by social movements and state actors in the development of Canadian language rights at both the federal and provincial levels of government. He is also the co-editor, with Marie Hammond-Callaghan, of Mobilizations, Protests and Engagements: Canadian Perspectives on Social Movements (Fernwood, 2008).

Matthew Hayday is an Assistant Professor in the Department of History at the University of Guelph [www.uoguelph.ca/history/faculty/hayday.shtml].


 

John Hobbins has published extensively on John Humphrey, one of Canada's leading human rights activists and the original drafter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.  In addition to publishing parts of Humphrey's diaries, some of Hobbins publications include: (with Ann Walter ). “Humphrey and the quest for compensation: Individual claims against States and the creation of new international law.” Canadian yearbook of International Law (2004); (with Jeff King).  “Hammarskjöld and Human Rights: the Deflation of the UN Human Rights Programme, 1953-1961.” Journal of the History of International Law. V (2003), pp. 337-386; and, “Humphrey and the High Commissioner: the Genesis of the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.” Journal of the History of International Law.  III (2001), pp. 38-74.   He is the author/editor of On the Edge of Greatness:  The Diaries of John Humphrey, First Director of the United Nations Division of Human Rights Montreal:  McGill University Libraries, 1994-2000.  (Fontanus Monograph Series, nos. 4, 9. 12, 13).

John Hobbins is a Law Librarian at McGill University.


 

Ross Lambertson published a book with University of Toronto Press in 2005 titled, Repression and Resistance: Canadian Human Rights Activists.  He also has an article recently published in the Canadian Historical Review titled "The Black, Brown, White and Red Blues: The Beating of Clarence Clemons" (December 2004)  The article deals with human rights activism in British Columbia in the 1950s.

Ross Lambertson is an instructor in the School of Arts and Science at Camosun College.


 

Laurel Macdowell's biography of J.L. Cohen (Renegade Lawyer: The Life of J.L. Cohen, Toronto: UT Press, 2002) deals with the early civil liberties movement in Canada.  She has also published an article on Paul Robeson's blacklisting by the American government in Labour/Le Travail (Vol.51, 2003).  Professor MacDowell's research interests are in the Canadian working class and Northern American environmental history.

Laurel Macdowell is a Professor of history at the University of Toronto.


 

Dominique Marshall is currently exploring two topics related to human rights: "The Child Welfare Committee of the League of Nations, the Declaration of Children's Rights," and "Canada -The History of Children's Rights and of Humanitarian Aid to Africa from 1900 to 1965."  She is the author of Aux origines sociales de l'État-providence: familles québécoises et politiques sociales touchant les enfants entre 1940 et 1950 (Montreal, Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1998) and offers a course on the international history of humanitarian aid.

Dominique Marshall is a Professor in the Department of History at Carleton University (profile).


 

David T. McNab is a Métis public historian who has worked for more than a quarter century on Aboriginal land and treaty rights issues in Canada. He has also been a claims advisor for Nin.Da.Waab.Jig., Walpole Island Heritage Center, Bkejwanong First Nations since 1992. In addition to almost sixty published articles, David has published Earth, Water, Air and Fire: Studies in Canadian Ethnohistory (editor) (1998) and Circles of Time: Aboriginal Land Rights and Resistance in Ontario (1999) as well as the co-edited  Blockades and Resistance: Studies in Actions of Peace and the Temagami Blockades of 1988-89 (2003) all with WLU Press. His latest co-edited book (with Ute Lischke) is entitled Walking a Tightrope: Aboriginal People and their Representations which was published earlier this year with WLU Press. 

David McNab is an Associate Professor of Native Studies in the School of Arts and Letters in the Atkinson Faculty of Liberal and Professional Studies at York University, in Toronto.


 

Janet Miron is editing a book on the history of human rights in post-confederation Canada. It will examine different episodes and themes related to the history of human rights within a chronological framework. Highlighting many critical moments in Canadian history, the work will delineate the multitude of forms discrimination took both in times of peace and war, and the very slow evolution of Canada’s commitment to protecting and enhancing human rights. Some of the key themes include immigration and ethnicity, gender, sexuality, class, disability, and state formation. This will be the first edited collection to concentrate on the history of human rights in Canada and, as such, will make an important contribution to the existing historiography.

Janet Miron is an Assistant Professor in the Department of History at Trent University.


 

Ruth Frager (McMaster University) and I have been studying the social origins of human rights legislation in Ontario. In the first phase of our research we concentrated on the role of minorities in Ontario's human rights campaigns. An article summarizing our findings about the campaigns that led to the Fair Employment Practices Act of 1951 appeared in the March 2001 issue of the Canadian Historical Review. In the next phase of this project we will examine why both human rights campaigns and anti-discrimination legislation in Canada failed to tackle sex discrimination for about two decades following World War II. We will also analyze the developments that eventually led to the inclusion of sex as one of the prohibited grounds of discrimination in Ontario. I am also pursuing two related projects on my own. The first project examines the origins and impact of the 1947 Saskatchewan Bill of Rights. The second project examines employment discrimination against ethnic and racialized minorities in Canada during World War II.

Carmela Patrias is a Professor in the Department of History at Brock University.


 

  • Kathleen Rodgers, University of Ottawa

TBA.

 


 

Miriam Smith's research interests include Canadian & U.S. politics, public policy, public law, social movements as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender policy and politics. Her books include Political Institutions and Lesbian and Gay Rights in the United States and Canada (2008); Group Politics and Social Movements in Canada (2008); Critical Policy Studies: Contemporary Canadian Approaches (2007); A Civil Society?: Collective Actors in Canadian Political Life (2005); New Trends in Canadian Federalism. 2nd edition. (2003); Lesbian and Gay Rights in Canada: Social Movements and Equality-Seeking, 1971-1995 (1999).

Miriam Smith is a Professor in the Law & Society Program, Department of Social Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies at York University.


 

James Walker's research interests include Canadian Blacks, Race Relations, Africa and Human Rights. He is the author of The Black Loyalists (UTP, 1992) and "Race”, Rights and the Law in the Supreme Court of Canada (Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1997), and has written many articles on the history of human rights law and human rights activism in Canada.

James Walker is a Professor in the Department of History at the University of Waterloo (profile)


Non-Canadianists

 

David Black's current research interests focus on Canada and Sub-Saharan Africa, with emphases on human security, development assistance, multilateral diplomacy and extractive industry investment. He has also written on human rights in Canadian and South African foreign policies, on the role of post-apartheid South Africa in Africa, and on Sport and World Politics. Among his recent publications are an edited section of the Canadian Journal of Development Studies (XXVIII, 2007) on 'Canadian Aid Policy in the new Millennium: Paradoxes and Tensions'; A Decade of Human Security: Global Governance and New Multilateralisms, co-edited with Sandra MacLean and Timothy Shaw (Ashgate 2006), and a Special Issue of Third World Quarterly (Vol. 25, 2004) on 'Global Games', co-edited with Janis van der Westhuizen.

David Black is a Professor in the Department of Political Science at Dalhousie University, and the Director of the Centre for Foreign Studies.


 

Marc Epprecht has been engaged in research on the history of same-sex sexuality, homophobia, and current struggles for sexual rights and sexual health in Africa south of the Sahara.  He is the editor and principal author of African Homosexualities: Histories, Harare: Weaver Press (forthcoming 2006) and co-author of Understanding Human Sexuality and Gender. Harare: Gays and Lesbians of Zimbabwe (2005 - the main customer for this was the Zimbabwe Republic Police). 

Marc Epprecht is an Associate Professor in the Development Studies Program and the Department of History at Queen's University [www.queensu.ca/history/people/facultyinstructorsalpha/epprecht.html].


 

Pamela Jordan's first research project focused on legal reform in post-Soviet Russia, with an emphasis on the role of lawyers in protecting new constitutional rights.  Her 2005 book is titled Defending Rights in Russia: Lawyers, the State, and Legal Reform in the Post-Soviet Era.  Jordan has also published articles in Human Rights Quarterly and Demokratizatsiya on Russia's membership in the Council of Europe (this multi-disciplinary work will be of interest to specialists on Russia, post-communism, human rights, the history of professions and institutions, and legal studies).  These articles focus on the extent to which Russia has complied with the European Convention for Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms since joining the Council in 1996.  Her current project is a study of Russian foreign policy.

Pamela Jordan is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of Saskatchewan [http://artsandscience.usask.ca/history/people/detail.php?bioid=616].


 

Gary Teeple's most recent work is a thorough critique of current ideas about human rights, titled The Riddle of Human Rights.  His current research interests include the nature of human rights, neoliberalism, the global division of labour and marxist philosophy. 

Gary Teeple is a Professor of Sociology at Simon Fraser University.

 

 

 

Human Rights Scholars

Recent Publications

 

Vancouver Sun headline, 23 October 1970

The Government of British Columbia, in a gross over-reaction to the October Crisis (1970), declared that any teacher in the province who promoted the FLQ in the classroom would be fired.


RECENT PUBLICATIONS: Click here to open a page listing recent publications on the history of human rights in Canada.

 
           
     
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